1. What is the access time for a 32-bit word if your Cache Hit Rate is 98%. Memory access time for a byte is 1 microsecond and cache operate at half the clock speed. The CPU is a 1 GHz processor with double clocking. Be specific in your assumptions. How could you increase CHR?

an example provided:

Memory Access Time == 5 nsec

Clock speed 1 gHz 1 nsec

Reasonable to assume a Cache Access of 2 nec

CHR = 99%

Assumptions: CPU knows the cache

Average Memory Access Time == 2nec (99%) + 5nec(1%)

2nsec

HDD access 20 msec

MHR = 95%

AMAT(95%) + 5%(20 msec)