1) What is the NPV of a project that costs $12,000 today and another $8,000 in one year, and is then expected to generate 10 annual cash inflows of $3,000 starting at the end of year 4. Cost of capital is 11%. Round to the nearest cent. [Hint: There are two outflows here, today and year 1. You will need to discount the year 1 cost at the project's discount rate when calculating PV(outflows).]

2) You own a 10-acre vineyard and earn income by selling your grapes to wineries. Your vineyard is currently planted to Merlot grapes, but you are thinking of replanting with Syrah grapes because they are commanding a higher market price per ton. Merlot fetches $1600 per ton but Syrah sells for $2700 per ton, those prices are expected to remain stable, and you produce 50 tons per year. Either way, you plan to sell the vineyard 5 years from today (at the end of the year) for 5-times (5x) the annual income (in year 5) from the sale of grapes (that is, you'll get the income from grape sales and then sell the vineyard for 5 times that amount at the end of year 5). However, if you were to switch to Syrah, switching will cost you $106,000 today and the vines wont produce any grapes until the end of year 4 (that is, years 1 - 3 will have no sales if you plant Syrah, but years 4 and 5 will). The applicable discount rate is 10% per year. What is the NPV of switching? Round to the nearest cent. [Hint: Create a timeline showing the incremental annual cash flows from switching and find their NPV. Some cash flows will be negative (first 3 years) and some will be positive (years 4 and 5)]