1. What was Microsoft's 2019 revenue? State in any format - Billions, millions etc. but indicate which 2. What was Microsoft's 2019 research and development expense? 3. What was Income before taxes? 4. What was R&D as a percentage of sales? 5. What was R&D as a percentage of income before taxes? 6. One of the lessons of chapter 10 and 11 are that research and development is expensed. A hypothetical alternative (not allowed under generally accepted accounting principles) is to amortize over five years. Indicate the R&D for each of the past five years, including 2019, the total amount, as well as the average. The 2019 annual report will give you information for the past 3 years. Go to the 2016 annual report to get data for 2015 and 2016 7. What would income before taxes be if Microsoft amortized R&D over 5 years (use the average you calculated above) rather than immediate expensing? 8. How much higher and lower would income before taxes be? Also indicate percentage difference. 1. What was Microsoft's 2019 revenue? State in any format - Billions, millions etc. but indicate which 2. What was Microsoft's 2019 research and development expense? 3. What was Income before taxes? 4. What was R&D as a percentage of sales? 5. What was R&D as a percentage of income before taxes? 6. One of the lessons of chapter 10 and 11 are that research and development is expensed. A hypothetical alternative (not allowed under generally accepted accounting principles) is to amortize over five years. Indicate the R&D for each of the past five years, including 2019, the total amount, as well as the average. The 2019 annual report will give you information for the past 3 years. Go to the 2016 annual report to get data for 2015 and 2016 7. What would income before taxes be if Microsoft amortized R&D over 5 years (use the average you calculated above) rather than immediate expensing? 8. How much higher and lower would income before taxes be? Also indicate percentage difference