1. Which factors are to be considered when harvesting grapes to produce wines? Provide examples of how this may vary.

2. Provide an overview of the production methods, including individual stages, which are used to produce red wines and white wines.

Red Wine Production	White Wine Production

3. What is malolactic fermentation? How does malolactic fermentation impact on red wine and white wine characteristics, respectively?

Red wine:

White wine: 4. Provide an overview of the processes used for the production of sparkling wine. Which methods are used?

5. What are the sweetness levels described on labels for sparkling wine and champagne?

6. Provide an overview of the key characteristics of the following red grape verities:

• Shiraz

• Cabernet Sauvignon

• Merlot

• Grenache

• Pinot Noir

• Cabernet Franc

• Zinfandel

7. Provide an overview of the key characteristics of the following white grape varieties:

• Chardonnay

• Riesling

• Sauvignon Blanc

• Semillon

• Chenin Blanc

• Pinot Gris or PinotGrigio

• Verdelho

• Viognier

8. What are the production methods used to produce Ros? What should be considered when serving Ros Wines?

9. Provide an overview of the production methods and characteristics of the following fortified wines:

• Port
• Sherry
• Madeira
• Tokay
• Liqueur Muscat
• Vermouth

10. Provide an overview of the following International wine growing regions including information for:

• Italy
• Regions and grape varieties
• Requirements for wines carrying a regional name

• France
• Regions and quality classifications where applicable
• Main grape varieties grown in these areas
• Requirements for wines carrying a regional name

• Germany
• Main grape varieties
• Overview of characteristics

• Spain
• Main grape varieties

• New Zealand
• Regions
• Location and climatic conditions
• Main grape varieties grown in these areas

• South Africa
• Regions
• Main grape varieties grown in these areas

• South America
• Regions
• Main grape varieties grown in these areas