1. While preparing Massie Miller's 2022 Schedule A, you review the following list of possible charitable deductions provided by Massie.

What would you say to Massie regarding her listed deductions? How much of the deduction is allowed for charitable contributions?

2. In 2022, Gale and Cathy Alexander hosted an exchange student, Axel Muller, for 9 months. Axel was part of International Student Exchange Programs (a qualified organization). Axel attended tenth grade at the local high school. Gale and Cathy did not claim Axel as a dependent but paid the following items for Axel's well-being:

Can any of the $4,500 be deducted as a charitable contribution?