10. Net short-term capital losses are used to offset A. dividend income B. long-term capital gains C. 401(k) contributions D. realized short-term capital gains 11. Preemptive rights permit stockholders to A. collect dividends before they are reinvested B. participate in dividend reinvestment plans C. maintain their proportionate share of ownership D. increase their proportionate share of ownership 12. The true or effective cost of a mortgage loan depends on the A. individual's marginal tax rate B. capital gains tax rate C. individual's need to borrow D. cost of the home 13. Which is true of a mortgage bond? A. It is secured by other securities held by the firm. B. It is secured by equipment held by the firm. C. It is secured by property held by the firm. D. It is unsecured. 14. Standard \& Poor's is a(n) A. brokerage firm B. securities-regulating agency C. investor service D. investment banker