12. Find the value of A that in Cash Flow 2 is equivalent to the gradient shown in Cash Flow 1 if the nominal interest rate is 12% compounded monthly. Cash Flow Cash Flow End of Year +$800 +$700 +$600 +$500 +$400 +$300 +$A +$A +$A +$A +$A +$A 6 13. Determine the present equivalent value of the cash flow in the following table when the annual interest rate, ik, varies as indicated. Year Interest Rate 8% Payment at End of Year +$1,000 +$2,000 $0 +$1,000 10% 8% Gol $0 6% 6 % +$2,000