13. Historically, what effect has securitization had on the effect of bank risk? a. It has eliminated risk for the bank because it has moved assets off the balance sheet so the bank does not have to hold capital against the commitments. b. When assets are securitized banks are not required to hold capital against the commitments. Therefore, all forms of risk for banks have decreased. c. May have increased risk because the banks may still have to fund the commitments, e.g. loan commitments, standby letters of credit, third party guarantees, etc., in the case of default while the amount of capital required by the bank has been decreased. d. Securitization has not had any effect on risk for banks