16. In 2018, Paul, a single taxpayer, has taxable income of $30,000 exclusive of capital gains and losses. Paul incurred a $1,000 short-term capital loss and a $4,000 long-term capital loss. What is the amount of his long-term capital loss carryover to 20197 a, $0 b. $2,000 c. $3,000 d. $5,000 e. None of the above