17. Evaporative cooling is a product of evolution that has evolved in some organisms for use under certain environmental conditions. Cirele the organisms or conditions below that you think are most likely to use cvaporative cooling. Dr. Prange is a researcher who is interested in understanding how animals determine whether they are too hot or too cold. To answer his questions on behavioral temperature regulation, he studies the grasshopper species Schistocerea nitents, which are readily available and easy to breed in captivity. Prior to Dr. Prange's experiment, scientists held the belief that, because of their small body size and limited water reserves, grasshoppers were incapable of using evaporative cooling to regulate their body temperature. It was assumed that insects would exclusively rely on behavioral adaptations to keep cool. This phenomenon was well doeumented and observed. To begin his experiment, Dr. Prange built an "altemative chamber in which each side was filled with a wamer or cooler temperature than he thought the grasshopper would prefer. To quantify his predictions, he decided to observe and record the amount of time a grasshopper would spend in cither chamber. Dr. Prange placed a grasshopper in the warm side of the altemative chamber, which was set to maintain a temperature of around 50C. This temperature was generally held to be lethal to an insect. Dr. Prange started the timer and began documenting the grasshopper's behavior. After more than a half hour, he noted that the grasshopper had not moved or shown signs of distress; he assumed it was dead. Dr. Prange reached into the chamber to retrieve the grasshopper, and to his great surprise, it jumped away. Dr. Prange hypothesized that either the grasshoppers had an unusual tolerance for heat, or they were utilizing a cooling mechanism. 18. From the data acquired in Prange's experiment (Figure 2), determine the temperature that leads to a significant difference between bouly temperature and air temperature (i.e., greater than about 2C difference). 16. Evaporative cooling, like many biological adaptations, is an emergent property stemming from the basic chemical properties of molecules. Explain some properties of water that allow for evaporative cooling to take place