18-2 Full Versus Variable Costingand Ethical Issues HeadGear, Inc is a small manufacturer of headphones for use in commercial and personal applications. The Head- Gear headphones are known for their outstanding sound quality and light weight, which makes them highly desira ble especially in the commercialmarket fortelemarketing firms and similar communication applications, despite the relatively high price. Although demand has grown steadily, profits have grown much more slowly, and John Hurley the CEO, suspects productivity is falling, and costs are rising out of hand. John is concemed that the decline in profit growth will affect the stock price of the company and inhibit the fim's efforts to raise new investment capital, which will be needed to continue the firm's growth. While the firm is now operating at 68% of available production capacity, John thinks the market growth will soon exceed available capacity To improve profitability, John has decided to bring in a new COO with the objective of improving profitability very quickly. The new COO understands that profits must be improvedwithin the coming 10-18 months. A bonus of 10% of profit improvement is promised the new COO if this goal is achieved. The following is the income statement for HeadGear for 2013, from the most recent annual report. Product costs for HeadGear include $25 per unit varia ble manufacturing costs and S1,920,000 per year fixed manufacturing overhead. Budgeted production was 120,000 units in 2013. Selling and administrative costs include a variable portion of $15 per unit and a fixed portion of $2,400,0000 peryear. The same units costs and production level are also applicable for 2012 HeadGear Inc Income Statement for the Period Ended 12/31/2013 Sales (125,000 @s75) $9,375,000 Cost ofSales Beginning Inv: 5,000 $41 S 205,000 Goods Available: 130,000 Less Ending Inv: 0 @ $41 $5,125,000 -0 $5125.000 $4,250,000 GTO33 Margn Selling and A ative Variable Costs: 125,000 Fixed Costs $15 S1,875,000 2,400,000$4275.000 Net loss $ 25,000> The new COO is convinced that the problemis theneed to aggressively market the product, andthatthe apparent decline in productivity is really due to underutilization of capacity. The COO increases fixed manufacturing costs to $2,100,000 and variable selling costs to $16 per unit and fixed selling costs to $2,750,000 to help achieve this goal. Budgetedsales andproduction for2014 are set at 175,000 units. Actual production was 175,000 as planned but sales for 2014 tumed outto be only 140,000 units, short of the target. The new COO claims that profits have increasedconsiderably, andis looking forward to the promised bonus. REQUIRED 1. Calculate the absorption cost net income for 2014, assuming the new selling costs, and thatmanufacturing costs remain the same as 2013 2. Calculate the variable cost net income for 2014 and explain why it is different from the absorption cost net in- come 18-2 Full Versus Variable Costingand Ethical Issues HeadGear, Inc is a small manufacturer of headphones for use in commercial and personal applications. The Head- Gear headphones are known for their outstanding sound quality and light weight, which makes them highly desira ble especially in the commercialmarket fortelemarketing firms and similar communication applications, despite the relatively high price. Although demand has grown steadily, profits have grown much more slowly, and John Hurley the CEO, suspects productivity is falling, and costs are rising out of hand. John is concemed that the decline in profit growth will affect the stock price of the company and inhibit the fim's efforts to raise new investment capital, which will be needed to continue the firm's growth. While the firm is now operating at 68% of available production capacity, John thinks the market growth will soon exceed available capacity To improve profitability, John has decided to bring in a new COO with the objective of improving profitability very quickly. The new COO understands that profits must be improvedwithin the coming 10-18 months. A bonus of 10% of profit improvement is promised the new COO if this goal is achieved. The following is the income statement for HeadGear for 2013, from the most recent annual report. Product costs for HeadGear include $25 per unit varia ble manufacturing costs and S1,920,000 per year fixed manufacturing overhead. Budgeted production was 120,000 units in 2013. Selling and administrative costs include a variable portion of $15 per unit and a fixed portion of $2,400,0000 peryear. The same units costs and production level are also applicable for 2012 HeadGear Inc Income Statement for the Period Ended 12/31/2013 Sales (125,000 @s75) $9,375,000 Cost ofSales Beginning Inv: 5,000 $41 S 205,000 Goods Available: 130,000 Less Ending Inv: 0 @ $41 $5,125,000 -0 $5125.000 $4,250,000 GTO33 Margn Selling and A ative Variable Costs: 125,000 Fixed Costs $15 S1,875,000 2,400,000$4275.000 Net loss $ 25,000> The new COO is convinced that the problemis theneed to aggressively market the product, andthatthe apparent decline in productivity is really due to underutilization of capacity. The COO increases fixed manufacturing costs to $2,100,000 and variable selling costs to $16 per unit and fixed selling costs to $2,750,000 to help achieve this goal. Budgetedsales andproduction for2014 are set at 175,000 units. Actual production was 175,000 as planned but sales for 2014 tumed outto be only 140,000 units, short of the target. The new COO claims that profits have increasedconsiderably, andis looking forward to the promised bonus. REQUIRED 1. Calculate the absorption cost net income for 2014, assuming the new selling costs, and thatmanufacturing costs remain the same as 2013 2. Calculate the variable cost net income for 2014 and explain why it is different from the absorption cost net in- come