19. List two of Porter's Five Forces of Industry Structure and state whether an increase in that force increases or decreases the profitability of firms within that industry. 20. The trailing P/E ratio is calculated as the stock price today divided by: a. Net income for the firm. b. The earnings per share for the most recent year. C. The expected earnings per share for the next year. d. The book value of equity for the same period. 21. Brookline, Inc. is expected to pay dividends for the coming year of $0.80 per share. If the payout ratio for the firm is 0.60 and the forward P/E is 22.0, what are the a. Expected earnings per share? b. Estimated value of the stock today