1.How would a court determine the amount by which to reduce a plaintiff's award where that party has also acted negligently?

a.

by considering the defence alleging contributory negligence by the plaintiff

b.

by determining the degree to which a plaintiff is responsible for their own loss

c.

by apportioning liability for the loss between all of the joint tort-feasors

d.

by determining that the loss sustained was much less than it might have been