1)Research by Miceli and Near indicates that:

Whistleblowers hope those who violate the rules are prosecuted

Whistleblowers hope their speaking out achieves the correction of an organization wrongdoing

Whistleblowers are motivated to report under Dodd-Frank to receive an award

Whistleblowers always blow the whistle because of altruistic reasons

2)With respect to whistleblowing, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act:

Protects auditors who blow the whistle to the SEC

Protects employees of publicly traded companies who provide evidence in fraud cases

Confers legal protection on managers who reported wrongdoing by top executives

Confers legal protection on the board of directors for fraudulent actions by management