1".Standard error" is ________.

a)	an indication of non-probability in the sample that has been selected

b)	a measure of non-normality in the sampling distribution

c)	a measure of variation in a sampling distribution

d)	an indication of the degree of extremeness of one's random study results

e)	a common study design mistake

2.The feature that differentiates a spurious relationship from an intervening relationship concerns ________.

a)	the time-ordering or sequencing of the control variable Z and the dependent variable Y

b)	the way that the dependent variable Y, when it varies, affects the control variable Z

c)	the time-ordering or sequencing of the control variable Z and the independent variable X

d)	the way that the control variable Z, when it varies, affects the dependent variable Y

1. The probability of the confidence interval capturing the population parameter is called the ________.

a)	standard accuracy

b)

p-level

c)	confidence level

d)	alpha level

e)	sampling accuracy

4.If a relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable is found to be non-uniform across different values of a contextual variable (e.g., an independent-dependent variable relationship exists for one value of the contextual variable, but does not exist for another value of the contextual variable), this is evidence of a(n) ________ relationship.

a)

spurious

b)	intervening

c)	interactive

d)

authentic

5.Multivariate techniques are restricted to taking only one contextual variable into account at a time.

Question 5 options:

	a) True
	b) False

6.A ________ is the set of different scores (statistics) that result from repeated replications of the same study using different samples.

a)	sampling distribution

b)	a frequency distribution of a categorical variable using a single sample.

c)	sample distribution

d)	population distribution

7.An "original table" is always a(n) ________ table.

a)	first-order

b)	percentaged

c)	zero-order

d)

partial

e)	elaborated

8.The cases in a sampling distribution are ________.

a)	individual respondent observations

b)	z-score units

c)

means

d)	population parameters

e)	sample statistics

9.In a study conducted of the relationship between EDUCATION (independent variable) and INCOME (dependent variable), when controlling for AGE, the percentaging technique found a 25% difference in the original table, a 10% difference in the young AGE partial table, a 35% difference in the middle-aged AGE partial table, and a 15% difference in the 65+ AGE partial tablethus indicating a(n) ________ relationship.

a)	intervening

b)	interactive

c)

spurious

d)

authentic

10.A 90% level of confidence corresponds to a ________ risk that the population parameter is NOT included in the confidence interval.

a)

10%

b)	The value cannot be determined on the basis of the information provided.

c)

90%

d)

5%

e)

45%

11.In taking measurements or making inferences, there is always a trade-off between ________ and ________.

a)	point estimates; interval estimates

b)	lack of bias; efficiency

c)	sample statistics; population parameters

d)	precision; accuracy

e)	sampling error; standard error

12.If elaboration yields evidence that the partial tables are the same (or similar) to each other and the same (or similar) to the original table, this is called ________.

a)	interpretation

b)	explanation

c)	specification

d)	replication

13.In a study conducted on the relationship between COHABITATION ACCEPTANCE (the degree to which cohabitation is normatively accepted as a relationship option, independent variable) and BIRTH RATE (in cohabiting couples, dependent variable), it is found that the relationship between these two variables is stable, even when country of residence is taken into account. This provides evidence of a(n) ________ relationship between COHABITATION ACCEPTANCE and BIRTH RATE.

a)	intervening

b)	interactive

c)

spurious

d)

authentic

14.________ use sample statistics to generate a range of scores within which the population parameter is likely to occur.

a)	Point estimates

b)	Interval estimates

c)	Sampling errors

d)	Unbiased estimators

e)	Standard errors

15.The Central Limit Theorem states that ________.

a)	if statistics are calculated from samples of reasonably large size, the sampling distribution will take the shape of a normal distribution

b)	if statistics are calculated from samples of a small enough size, the sample distribution will take the shape of a normal distribution

c)	if statistics are calculated from samples of reasonably large size, the sampling distribution will not take the shape of a normal distribution

d)	if statistics are calculated from samples of reasonably large size, the sample distribution will take the shape of a normal distribution

e)	if statistics are calculated from samples of a small enough size, the sampling distribution will take the shape of a normal distribution

16.The numbers inside the bivariate table are the ________ which display the connection between the independent and dependent variables.

a)	joint frequencies

b)	frequency distributions

c)

marginals

d)	contextual variables

17.In multivariate analysis, the order of a relationship is determined by the number of ________ that are included in the analysis.

a)	independent variables

b)	dependent variables

c)	contextual variables

d)

variables

e)

cases

18.Contextual variables are operating (varying) in a(n) ________ table.

a)	zero-order

b)

partial

c)	percentaged

d)	first-order

e)	elaborated

19.Every distribution of interval or ratio variable values for which the halves of the distribution on both sides of the centre are mirror images ________.

a)	has identical mode and median values

b)	is asymmetrical

c)

is normal

d)	has identical mean and mode values

e)	is symmetrical

20.Sampling distributions are based on ________.

a)	an infinite number of study replications

b)	two study replications

c)	a single study

d)	a finite number of study replications

e)	four study replications