1.Which of the following is NOT an argument for centralization of sovereign powers?

a. uniformiy of governmental services

b. equality of access to governmental services and fiscal resources

c. greater responsiveness to local needs and interests

d. prevents the competitive "race to the bottom" phenomenon

2.Which of the following is not an argument against mandates?

a. mandating governmetns should be responsible for financing the mandate

b. mandates can threaten other government programs

c. mandates are enacted without cost awareness

d. mandates are only from the federal government, not from state governments

3. Which of the following is not true about grants?

a. they are always free to the government providing the grant

b. accommodate for benefit spillovers to nonresidents

c. reduce problems of fiscal disparity

d. encourage programs that might not otherwise be undertaken