1.Which of the following is not an effective approach to the reduce the "bullwhip effect"?

A.Increase product customization

B.Reduce replenishment lead-times

C.Improve forecasting methods

D.Exchange information between buyers and suppliers

E.Improve coordination across the supply chain

2.

The Government of Canada has invested over $1 billion to secure access as well as to purchase COVID-19 vaccines from different suppliers worldwide. However, the country still fell behind other countries in its vaccination rates. What is the reason that Canada should have invested in producing COVlD-19 vaccine locally (instead of outsourcing the vaccine)? 0 Maintain control over a strategically imperative supply to deliver health care 0 Exports may be restricted during a global pandemic 0 Reduction of long lead time 0 Reduction of environmental impact due to shorter shipping distance 0 All of above Canadian health service providers (such as Alberta Health Services) selected to outsource and offshore Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to foreign suppliers for many years instead of having them continue to be made in Canada. During the COVlD19 pandemic, Canada has been having a difficult time receiving PPE from their foreign suppliers as some foreign governments have restricted exports so they could be used domestically in their countries. Which supply chain outsourcing consideration should have been the top priority when Canadian health service providers' made such a decision? 0 Working conditions at the manufacturer (social responsibility) 0 Potential unit cost savings 0 Carbon footprint related to transportation (environmental responsibility] 0 Control of a strategic product / process