2. Determine cross-sectional area. 3. Determine stress corresponding to each force. 4. Determine longitudinal strain using gage length, Lo=220 mm (not length (405,368,392 or 383) corresponding to each longitudinal deformation. 5. Using the data given in excel spreadsheet, plot engineering stress-strain diagram. 4. Determine approximate yield strength, ay(MPa) and yield strain, &, (mm/mm) from the stress-strain diagram. Remember, at yield point, the specimen deformation increases at constant stress. 5. Determine the ultimate strength, o (MPa) from the stress-strain diagram. Remember, ultimate strength is the maximum engineering stress observed during the testing of the specimen. 6. Determine and fracture strain, &, (mm/mm) from the stress-strain diagram 7. Calculate the modulus of toughness (T) and the modulus of resilience (R) according to the following formulas. R= T= Oy Ey 2 Oy Ou 2 Ef (3) (4)