2- DuBois, Inc., experienced the following trend in operating profit ratios for the five years ended in 2010. Operating Income Margin Return on Operating Asset: 201 9.7% 12.2% 200 9.3% 11.5% 200 9.1% 11.2% 200 8.8% 10.6% 200 8.6% 10.1% Required: Using the DuPont analysis, determine whether the trend in turnover increased the return on operating assets or lowered it. 3- Fluctuation, Inc., recorded the following profit figures in 2008-2010. 2010 2009 2008 Net sales $30,500 $25,600 $22,900 Costs and expenses: Cost of products sold $12,600 $10,300 $ 8,350 Selling 7,875 5,025 4,580 General 2,950 2,325 2,150 Research and development 4,100 3,190 2,840 $27,525 $20,840 $17,920 Operating income $ 2,975 Other income (expense) 525 Earnings before tax $ 3,500 Income tax 1,480 $ 4,460 1,990 Net income $ 2,020 $ 2,470 $ 4,760 (300) $ 4,980 $ 4,580 2,100 $ 2,480 (400) Required: a. Compute the net profit margin for 2008-2010. b. Compute the gross profit margin for 2008-2010. c. Describe the trend in profitability and pinpoint its causes