2. Paired samples t-test: A researcher hypothesized that college students would have a tendency to be more liberal at the end of college relative to the beginning. A researcher measured the political orientation of 12 college freshmen using a scale that ranged from liberal to conservative (1 being extremely liberal; 6 being extremely conservative). Four years later, just before graduation, the same 12 students reported their political orientation again. The following scores were obtained. (Total = 65 points) 2008 2012 (X1) (X2) S S2 S3 S4 S6 S7 Sg S9 S10 S11 S12 5 5 5 5 5 5 250 4 6 4 23231246344 63442324 MDifference = .58 SD Difference 2.31 = a. Determine the independent variable, levels of the independent variable, and the dependent variable. (6 points)