2.

The Off-balance-sheet (OBS) items are contingent assets and liabilities that may affect a commercial banks balance sheet and/or income statement. Which of the following is not a type of OBS item for a commercial bank?

Select one:

a. Loan commitments to local small businesses

b. Standby letters of credit

c. Loans bought from other banks

d. Derivative contracts such as futures, forwards, swaps, and options

e. All are typical OBS items of commercial banks