2.1 List of Laboratory Equipment Digital Caliper Micrometer Ruler Digital Balance Irregularly Shaped Cylinder Strip of Metal 2.2 Introduction Consider an object constructed out of a specific material. The density of the material is defined as the ratio of the mass (m) of the object to the volume (V) of the object. (2.1) where p is the density in units of 3 cms or 3 . Density is characteristic of the substance. By determining the density of an object constructed totally out of a metal for example, one may deduce the material out of which the substance is made. Some selected densities are listed in Table 2.2-1. Density of Substances Material Density Material Density (g/cm3) (g/cm3) Aluminum 2.8+0.1 Nickel 8.8+0.05 Brass 8.5+0.05 Silver 10.5 +0.05 Copper 8.9+0.05 Tin 7.2 +0.05 Gold 19.3+0.05 Uranium 18.7 +0.1 Iron 7.9+0.05 Zinc 7.1+0.06 Lead 11.3+0.05 Table 2.2-1: Densities of various substances. In this laboratory you will determine the density of a rectangular strip and of a cylinder. To do this you must measure the mass and the dimensions of the object. The volume of the strip is just: V strip = Lx W X H (2.2) where L, W, and H are the length, width, and height of the strip respectively. The volume of a cylinder is: cylinder (2.3) 4