23) A company might choose to allocate corporate costs to various divisions within the company for what four purposes? Give an example of each.

24) An electronics manufacturer is trying to encourage its engineers to design simpler products so that overall costs are reduced.

Required:

Which of the value-chain function costs (R&D, design, production, marketing, distribution, customer service) should be included in product-cost estimates to achieve the above purpose? Why?

14.2 Evaluate and select between a single- and dual-rate cost method to apply period costs of IT services.

1) There are multiple cost objects in most costing systems.

2) A cost pool is a grouping of individual cost items.

3) The cost pool is homogeneous if all included activities have the same or similar cause-and-effects or benefits received relationships between the cost driver and the costs of the activity.

4) When there is a lesser degree of homogeneity, fewer cost pools are required to accurately explain the use of company resources.