25. Tax filing and payments; completing, submitting, and downloading forms; and requests for records are all categorized as _____ e-government applications. a. government-to-citizen b. government-to-business c. government-to-government d. government-to-employee 26. A _____ is a small electronic device consisting of a microchip and an antenna and performs the same task as bar codes. a. global positioning system b. bluetooth low energy device c. quick response code d. radio frequency identification tag 27. In the context of customer relationship management, _____ assists with tasks such as tracking customer interactions and analyzing sales forecasts. a. salesforce automation b. eCRM c. survey management d. automated customer service 28. The Web organizes information by using _____, meaning documents that include embedded references to audio, text, images, video, or other documents. a. spyware b. hypermedia c. newsgroups d. adware 29. Which of the following vendors offers comprehensive solutions for organizations that do not have in-house resources to develop a supply chain management (SCM) system? a. SAP b. Sun Microsystems c. Microsoft d. Red Hat 30. In the context of Web and network privacy, an acceptable use policy is a: a. legal document that protects an organization from embezzlement of money by its service providers. b. set of rules to govern the electronic fund transfers between an organization and its clients. c. legal document that contains an agreement of the issues documented by the health and social issues of pharmaceuticals. d. set of rules specifying the legal and ethical use of a system and the consequences of noncompliance. 31. In the context of data communication, which of the following media is based on "line of sight"? a. A terrestrial microwave b. A mechanical wave c. A coaxial cable d. A fiber-optic cable 32. A _____ is the most commonly used device that enables users to navigate in the virtual reality (VR) environment and manually control various objects. a. data glove b. head-mounted display c. virtual retinal display d. smart card 33. In the third-party exchange marketplace model, the sale of medical products is an example of a _____. a. horizontal market b. vertical market c. baseline market d. sideline market 34. Record keeping, payroll, and simple inventory problems are examples of _____ tasks. a. structured b. b. semistructured c. unstructured d. pseudostructured 35. A(n) _____ is a simulated environment designed for users to interact via avatars. a. real world b. virtual world c. artificial neural network d. personal area network 36. Initially, offshore outsourcing was used mostly in manufacturing to find _____. a. cheap labor b. help desk support c. quality tester d. manufacturing engineers 37. One of the advantages of e-commerce is that it: a. improves customer service. b. is a universally accepted system. c. guarantees privacy and security of buyers. D d. is highly accessible throughout the world. 38. A personnel information system (PIS) helps in _____. a. choosing the best job candidate b. improving transportation budgeting c. calculating product costs d. determining portfolio structures 39. In the context of security of wireless networks, which of the following is true of Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)? a. It is suitable for large networks with high bandwidths. b. It is the most secure system for wireless networks. c. In WEP, keys are dynamically generated based on the user's ID and password. d. In WEP, a key must be entered manually into the access point and the client computer.40. Which of the following is true of magnetic tape? a. It is made of metal. b. It stores data sequentially. c. It resembles compact discs. d. It is a main memory device. 41. The size and complexity of the human language has made developing _____ difficult. a. natural-language processing systems b. database management systems c. human biometric systems d. virtual-reality language learning systems 42. Which of the following statements is true of collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR)? a. It aims to improve operational efficiency and manage inventory. b. It ensures that the accessibility of data collected with a point-of-sale system is not shared among the supply chain members. c. It ensures that inventory and sales data are not shared across the supply chain. d. It increases merchandising and logistics costs for all supply chain members. 43. Online auctions are: a. cost-effective for selling excessive inventory. b. based on the barter business model. c. used to bring buyers and sellers together in a real marketplace. d. useful when goods already have a set price in the marketplace. 44. One of the issues with a _____ is that subsidiaries rely on headquarters for all process and control decisions as well as system design and implementation. a. multinational structure b. global structure c. regional structure d. transnational structure 45. The Internet is playing an important role in helping organizations reduce expenses, because _____. a. the services offered by telephone networks cost less than that offered by VoIP b. the employees hired through online employment services perform their official tasks virtually c. Web applications can be used with minimum costs d. products and services can be bought at retail stores 46. Which of the following statements is true of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)? a. It is used to route traffic on a public telephone network. b. It is used to build a local area network. c. It is used to define a Web page's layout and appearance. d. It is used to provide radio coverage over a wide area. 47. Data-mining agents work with a , detecting trends and discovering new information and relationships among data items that were not readily apparent. a. data warehouse b. knowledge base c. data catalog d. knowledge hub 48. Which of the following statements is true of data marts and data warehouses? a. Consolidating information from different departments is easier in data marts than in data warehouses. b. Data marts have more extended scope than data warehouses. c. Access to data is often slower in data marts than in data warehouses. d. Data marts usually perform the same types of analysis as data warehouses. 49. The data component of an information system is: a. the input to the information system. b. a series of integrated files containing relevant facts. c. a set of facts that have been analyzed by the process component. d. the output of the information system. 50. Which of the following statements is true of a global organizational structure? a. It requires an extensive communication network. b. It uses highly decentralized information systems. c. It easily integrates production, marketing, and human resources. d. It provides complete autonomy to the subsidiaries of the parent organization