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2.6 Task 6: Initial Vector (IV) Most of the encryption modes require an initial vector (IV). Properties of an IV depend on the cryptographic scheme

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2.6 Task 6: Initial Vector (IV) Most of the encryption modes require an initial vector (IV). Properties of an IV depend on the cryptographic scheme used. If we are not careful in selecting IVs, the data encrypted by us may not be secure at all, even though we are using a secure encryption algorithm and mode. The objective of this task is to help students understand the problems if an IV is not selected properly. Please do the following experiments: Task 6.1. A basic requirement for IV is uniqueness, which means that no IV may be reused under the same key. To understand why, please encrypt the same plaintext using (1) two different IVs, and (2) the same IV. Please describe your observation, based on which, explain why IV needs to be unique

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