29. Life-cycle costing is best described by which of the following? A) it is a method of cost planning to reduce manufacturing costs to targeted levels B) it is the process of tracking and accumulating costs that are incurred within the manufacturing and distribution links of the value chain C) it is the process of tacking and accumulating business function costs across the entire value chain D) it is a costing system that focuses on reducing costs during the manufacturing cycle 30. Which of the following is the best description of price discrimination? A) setting different prices for different products B) charging different prices for quantity amounts C) using variable costing for some products and full costing for other products when setting prices D) charging different prices to different customers or clients for the same products or services Questions from Chapter 20 31. The costs of quality are the costs incurred: A) to enhance large scale production B) to prevent the production of a low-quality product C) due to defective and low-quality product D) because of warranties, normal spoilage, abnormal spoilage. and scrap 32. Which of the following describes appraisal costs? A) they are incurred to prevent the production of products that do not conform to specifications B) they are incurred to detect which of the individual units of products do not conform to specifications C) they are incurred on defective products before they are shipped to customers D) they are incurred on defective products after they have been shipped to customers 33. An example of a nonfinancial measure for customer satisfaction is: A) number of defective units shipped as a percentage of total units shipped B) the cost of warranty claims by customers C) liability claims incurred to the company D) rework costs due to inefficiency