3. A 2-way set-associative cache consists of four sets. Main memory contains 2K blocks of 8 bytes each and byte addressing is used.

1. a) Show the main memory address format that allows us to map addresses from main memory to cache. Be sure to include the fields as well as their sizes.

2. b) Compute the hit ratio for a program that loops three times from addresses 0x8 to 0x33 in main memory. You may leave the hit ratio in terms of a fraction.

4. Suppose a byte-addressable computer using set-associative cache has 2²¹ bytes of main memory and a cache of 64 blocks, where each cache block contains 4 bytes.

1. a) If this cache is 2-way set associative, what is the format of a memory address as seen by the cache; that is, what are the sizes of the tag, set, and offset fields?

2. b) If this cache is 4-way set associative, what is the format of a memory address as seen by the cache?