32. Refreezing refers to: A. getting one's own way in organizational politics. B. a management practice used to discourage newcomers from staying with the organization c. aligning the organization's systems with the desired behaviours to support and reinforce the new role patterns. D. repeating the change process a second time, because the first attempt to freeze the changes were unsuccessful. E. producing a disequilibrium between the driving and restraining forces of change. 33. The textbook suggests that resistance to change represents: A. a resource rather than an impediment to change. B. incidents in which employees are happy with the status quo and do not want any change in their organization. C. the change agent's distorted perceptions of employee behavior based on their own doubts about the success of the change process. D. indications that change is not required in the organization. E. Resistance to change represents all of these statements. 34. Resistance to organizational change may be caused by: A. employee perceptions that the new conditions have higher costs and fewer benefits for them. B. the psychological cost of uncertainty about the personal risks involved in the change. C. employees wanting to prove that change effort won't work because they dislike the change agent or the action is contrary to their recommendations. D. All of these may cause resistance to change. E. None of these causes resistance to change. 35. The highest priority and first strategy required for any organizational change Is to: A. fire several senior executives in the organization. B. introduce stress management counseling. C. train employees who do not possess the skills required under the new conditions. D. communicate the need for change and keep employees informed about what they can expect from the change effort. E. negotiate a new set of relations among those who will clearly lose out from the change