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4 - 6 A rancher needs to provide water for his cattle, but the only water source is a brackish well that has a total

4-6 A rancher needs to provide water for his cattle, but the only water source is a brackish well that has a total dissolved solids concentration (TDS) of 4800mgL. The cattle need 400Ld of water with TDS 1600mgL. The rancher has purchased a solar still
that operates at 37 percent recovery of water (distillate) and 96 percent removal of dissolved solids. The rancher wants to recycle the blowdown from the still to a 20-m3 feed tank to maximize his freshwater recovery and minimize the waste that has to be hauled off, but the still cannot operate effectively above 52,000mgL TDS in the blowdown because of scaling problems. The system will operate as shown in the following diagram.
a. Prepare a table showing the flow rate and concentration of TDS in the (i) well, (ii) still feed, (iii) distillate, (iv) blowdown, and (v) waste. Explain all assumptions you make.
b. Propose a modification (i.e., using the existing equipment) that would decrease the waste that has to be hauled off, and determine how much reduction in waste flow this modification would achieve.
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