42. Filing Requirement. Which of the following taxpayers must file a 2023 return?

a. Amy, age 19 and single, has $8,050 of wages, $800 of interest, and $350 of self employment income.

b. Betty, age 67 and single, has a taxable pension of $9,100 and Social Security benefits of$6,200 (the Social Security benefits are wholly tax-exempt in this situation).

c. Chris, age 15 and single, is a dependent of his parents. Chris has wages of $3,800 and interest of $700.d. Dawn, age 15 and single, is a dependent of her parents. She has wages of $425 an interest of $1,600.e. Doug, age 25, and his wife are separated. He earned $5,000 while attending school during the year.