(4-iii) The pipeline shown below is used to carry a firefighting fluid with similar viscosity to water, but a new formulation has resulted in the need to pump a nonNewtonian fluid. The rheology of the new formulation is measured on a cone-andplate rheometer to follow the Herschel-Bulkley model with y=44Pa,K=0.5Pasn and n=0.8. The gauge pressure at two tappings for pipe with diameter of 19.8cm are measured and shown below. (a) Determine whether the flow is up, down or stationary if the fluid is water, and determine the head loss (m). (b) Determine the average velocity and flow regime if the fluid is water. (c) Determine whether the flow is up, down or stationary for the new formulation assuming it follows the Herschel-Bulkley fluid model, and determine the head loss (m). (d) Determine the average velocity and flow regime if the new formulation is describec by a Bingham fluid model with y=44Pa and b=0.04 Pas