5). We want to extract a liquid byproduct (A) from water (W) using an organic solvent (S). W and S are immiscible. A fixed amount of A and W are added to an extraction flask: the mass of water is Mw the mass of A is MA. This is the initial state. We then add a mass of S to the flask and shake it up and then let the phases separate. The mass of S added is MS. The byproduct A partitions in both W and S. The mass of A in the water phase is MA and the mass of A in the organic phase is MA,S. You are given that x is the mass of A in the water phase divided by the mass of water. y is the mass of A in the organic phase S divided by the mass of organic. Under equilibrium conditions, the relation of x and y can be described using y=f(x). Assume the initial ratio of A to W is xjoi a). We want to decrease the initial ratio of A to W, xipiip to a final ratio xendu using extraction with solvent S. Determine an expression for the mass of S,MS that should be added. The expression for MS should be in terms of known quantities ie Xend (which is given) and the specified initial variables MW,MA and xini. Hint: yend=f(xend) so if you know xend you also know yend. Show your working. This formula tells you how much organic solvent you need b). It is useful to also compute a formula for xnd and yend in terms of MS and the initial given quantities. If y=Kx, where K is a constant, compute a formula for xend and yend in terms of known quantities ie K (which is given) and the specified initial variables MW, MA and xipi and MS (which we assume is now given). These formulas tell you the final a certain mass of organic solvent, MS is added