6. All else constant, which one of the following will increase a firm's cost of equity if the firm computes that cost using the security market line approach? Assume the firm currently pays an annual dividend of $2.10 a share and has a beta of 1.1. a. a reduction in the dividend amount b. an increase in the dividend amount c. a reduction in the market risk premium d. a reduction in the firm's beta e. an increase in the market rate of return