7. Which of the following statements about the value chain is correct?

a. The two phases of the activities of the value chain are the upstream activities and the

downstream activities.

b. A company need not operate in all activities of the value chain

c. There are usually 6-8 activities in the value chain

d. The value chain is intended primarily for manufacturers

8. The required resources for implementing a cost leadership strategy include which of the

following?

a. Strong marketing capability

b. Substantial capital investment and access to capital

c. Effective product engineering and process planning

d. Reputation for quality and innovation

9. The World Resources Institute is an organization that:

a. Provides resources for developing and benchmarking an organization's value chain

b. Provides resources for organizations that intend to expand globally

c. Provides resources for organizations that want to develop credible scorecards that include sustainability

d. Assists companies in understanding the changing environment of financial and material resources worldwide

10. Which of the following is an important method for implementing strategy?

a. Sustainability

b. Value-chain analysis

c. Cost leadership

d. Differentiation