88. Which of the following elements of the marketing communications mix refers to any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor via print, broadcast, network, electronic, and display media? a. advertising b. personal selling c. sales promotion d. direct marketing e. public relations Answer: 89. Which of the following elements of the marketing communications mix involves a variety of short-term incentives to encourage trial or purchase of a product or service? a. advertising b. direct marketing c. public relations d. personal selling e. sales promotion