9. Describe the processor task specialization for each of following IBM processor-types using the following table

System z Processors
Processor Type	Designed (Optimized) for which type of Processing Task?
CP
ICF
IFL
zAAP
zIIP

10. An IBM mainframe design is based on a two-frame (storage rack) design, which are named the A-Frame and the Z-Frame. ( See previous image.) List the mainframe hardware components that are normally installed in the A-Frame. Answer:

11. IBM processor technologies are store in a packaging unit called a "book". List the hardware components normally found in a zEnterprise book packaging unit. Answer:

12. What are the maximum number of "books" that may be installed in an IBM mainframe? Answer:

13. List the hardware components contained in a MCM Answer:

14. How many MCMs may a book contain? Answer:

15. Using the following table answer the following T/F questions concerning the package and component hierarchy of an IBM mainframe.

Package and Component Hierarchy of an IBM Mainframe
Question	Answer: True or False
An IBM mainframe contains books.
An IBM book contains a MCM (multiple-chip module)
An IBM processor contains a MCM (multiple-chip module)
An IBM processor contains cores.

Assume that a computer was to input payroll data stored on tape and then output a payroll transaction record to a second tape device. Review the timing sequence when the CPU was required to process the input, payroll calculations and output tasks.

Non Overlapped Processing No Channels or I/O Processors
Performed by	Processing Step	Time Frame 1	Time Frame 2	Time Frame 3	Time Frame 4	Time Frame 5	Time Frame 6
CPU	Read Record from Tape 1	Record 1			Record 2
CPU	Calculate Payroll		Record 1			Record 2
CPU	Write Payroll Transaction on Tape 2			Record 1			Record 3

The CPU was required to perform all input, calculation and output processing steps. In the first time frame the CPU would read Record 1 from the Tape 1. In the second time frame the CPU will perform the payroll calculations for Record 1, and in the third time frame the CPU would output the modified Record 1 to Tape 2. Given the relative difference in performance between CPUs and Tape devices in the 1960s, the CPU would be idle 98% of the processing time waiting for the slower tape device. Non overlapped systems were I/O Bound, i.e., the CPU was underutilized.

While the previous picture seems to imply that an I/O channel is a connector, an I/O Channel is actually a specialized I/O processor designed to work with the CPU. Modern I/O architectures rarely use the terminology of a channel any more, but every network card, SCSI card, USB root hub, etc. has a specialized I/O processor that performs the same tasks introduced by IBM in the 1960s.

Now review the timing sequence when the CPU and two channels process the input, payroll calculations and output tasks.

Overlapped Processing A CPU and 2 I/O Channels
Performed by	Processing Step	Time Frame 1	Time Frame 2	Time Frame 3	Time Frame 4	Time Frame 5	Time Frame 6
Channel 1	Read Record from Tape 1	Record 1	Record 2	Record 3	Record 4	Record 5	Record 6
CPU	Calculate Payroll		Record 1	Record 2	Record 3	Record 4	Record 5
Channel 2	Write Payroll Transaction on Tape 2			Record 1	Record 2	Record 3	Record 4

In the first time frame the Channel 1 would read Record 1 from the Tape 1. In the second time frame the Channel would read the Record 2, while the CPU will perform the payroll calculations for Record 1. In the third time frame, Channel 1 would read Record 3, the CPU will perform the payroll calculations for Record 2, and Channel would output the modified Record 1 to Tape 2. Sounds great? But, one should ask if the tape device (or any storage device) is so slow that the CPU will have to wait for the