9. For which of the following Pearson correlations would the data points be clustered most closely around a straight line?

a. r = -0.10

b. r = +0.40

c. r = -0.70

d. r = +0.60

10. A Pearson correlation value of r = -0.90 indicates that the data points are clustered far from a line that slopes down to the right.

a. True

b. False

11. A researcher measures IQ and weight for a group of college students. Which kind of correlation is likely to be obtained for these two variables?

a. A positive correlation

b. A negative correlation

c. A correlation near 0

d. A correlation near 1

12. The results from a research study indicate that adolescents who watch more violent content on television also tend to engage in more violent behavior than their peers. The correlation between amount of television violence consumed and amount of violent behavior is an example of a _____ correlation.

a. Positive

b. Negative

c. Zero

d. Curvilinear

13. A researcher measures driving distance from college and weekly cost of gas for a group of commuting college students. Which kind of correlation is likely to be obtained for these two variables?

a. A positive correlation

b. A negative correlation

c. A correlation near 0

d. A correlation near 1

14. If a researcher measured hearing acuity and age for a group of people who were 50 to 90 years old, it would be expected that a positive correlation would emerge between hearing acuity and age.

a. True

b. False

15. Suppose that there is a correlation of r = 0.41 between the amount of time that each student reports studying for an exam and the student's grade on the exam. This correlation would indicate that there is a tendency for people who study more to get better grades.

a. True

b. False

16. A researcher finds a significant positive correlation of r = .63 between the amount of time spent watching television and blood pressure for a sample of 40-year-old men. This means that watching more television causes higher blood pressure.

a. True

b. False

17. A researcher assesses self-esteem among college students at the beginning of the semester using a self-report questionnaire, as well as three months later at the end of the semester among the same sample of college students using the exact same self-report measure of self-esteem. The researcher determines that there is a significant positive relationship between self-esteem measured at the beginning and end of the college semester for the students sampled. This demonstrates how correlations can be used to demonstrate _____.

a. Prediction.

b. Theoretical support.

c. Validity.

d. Reliability.

18. A researcher assesses work ethic among college students using a self-report questionnaire. Moreover, the researcher tracks how many hours students seek out extra support at the tutoring center and with their professors on campus during the semester. The researcher determines that there is a significant positive relationship between self-reported work ethic and the number of hours students seek out extra support at the tutoring center and with their professors during the semester. This demonstrates how correlations can be used to demonstrate _____.

a. Prediction.

b. Theoretical support.

c. Validity.

d. Reliability.