$(9)$ In the two$-$tier client$-$server architecture:

A$.$ The database resides at the server.

B$.$ The user programs run at the client.

C$.$ GUI display resides at the client.

D$.$ All of the above.

$(10)$ Databases used for Web applications usually follow:

A$.$ Two$-$tier client$-$server architecture.

B$.$ Three$-$tier client$-$server architecture.

C$.$ Centralized database architecture.

D$.$ Distributed database architecture.

$(11)$ In the three$-$schema database system architecture, the internal schema represents:

A$.$ The schema for the whole database using a physical data model.

B$.$ The schema for the whole database using a representational data model.

C$.$ User views of the database for individual users or groups of users.

D$.$ The schema for the whole database using a conceptual data model.

$(12)$ There are actors on the scene and workers behind the scene, who are working for the large database. Which person from the following could be "workers behind the scene"?

A$.$ Database designer

B$.$ Database administrator

C$.$ Tool developers

D$.$ Sophisticated end users

$(13)$ The degree of a relationship type is the number of:

A$.$ Attributes in the relationship.

B$.$ Instances that each entity can be related to$.$

C$.$ Participating entity types.

D$.$ Attributes in the participating entity types.

$(14)$ In the ER diagram, the notation, dotted oval represents:

A$.$ Key attribute.

B$.$ Multivalued attribute.

C$.$ Composite attribute.

D$.$ Derived attribute.

$(15)$ A $($ min,max constraint of $(0,1)$ indicates a:

A$.$ Partial participation constraint.

B$.$ Total participation constraint.

C$.$ None of the above.

$(16)$ The cardinality ratio $(1$:$1,1$:$N,M$:$N)$ of a binary relationship specifies constraints on:

A$.$ Whether an entity can exist in an entity type or not.

B$.$ Whether an entity can participate in a relationship instance or not.

C$.$ The maximum number of entities that a particular entity can be related to via the relationship.

$(17)$ In a weak entity type, each entity is uniquely identified by:

A$.$ The value of its primary key.

B$.$ The value of its partial key alone.

C$.$ The value of its partial key combined with the particular owner entity it is related to$.$