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SECTION 1.1: MICROCONTROLLERS AND EMBEDDED PROCESSORS 1. True or False. A general-purpose microprocessor has on-chip ROM. 2. True or False. Generally speaking, a microcontroller has on-chip ROM. 3. True or False. A microcontroller has on-chip 1/0 ports. 4. True or False. A microcontroller has a fixed amount of RAM on the chip. 5. What components are usually put together with the microcontroller onto a sin- gle chip? 6. Intel's Pentium chips used in PCs need external and chips to store data and code. 7. List three embedded products attached to a PC. 8. What kinds of computer do exist? 9. True or False. Embedded systems are the largest class of computers. 10. Why would someone want to use a general-purpose microprocessor as an embedded processor? 11. Give the name and the manufacturer of some of the most widely used 8-bit microcontrollers. 12. In a battery-based embedded product, what is the most important factor in choosing a microcontroller? 13. In an embedded controller with on-chip ROM, why does the size of the ROM matter? SECTION 1.2: OVERVIEW OF THE AVR FAMILY 14. What is the advantage of Flash memory over the other kinds of ROM? 15. The ATmega328 has pins for I/O. 16. The ATmega328 has bytes of on-chip program ROM. 17. The ATtiny44 has bytes of on-chip data RAM. 18. The ATtiny44 has ADCs. 19. The ATmega64 has b ytes of on-chip data RAM. 20. The ATmega1280 has o n-chip timer(s). 21. The ATmega328 has b ytes of on-chip data RAM. 22. The ATmega328 has bytes of data EEPROM. 23. Check the Atmel website to see if there is a RAMless version of the AVR. Give version of the AVR. Give e AVR family that have the AVR family that have the part number if there is one. 24. Check the Atmel website to see if there is a ROMless version of the the part number if there is one. 25. Check the Atmel website to find three members of the AVR famil USB controllers. 26. Check the Atmel website to find two members of the AVR family the CAN controllers 27. Give the amount of program ROM and data RAM for the following chi (a) ATmega32 (b) ATtiny44_(c) ATtiny84 (d) 90CAN128 28. What are the main differences between the ATmega16 and the ATmega329 ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS SECTION 1.1: MICROCONTROLLERS AND EMBEDDED PROCESSORS 1. True 2. A microcontroller-based system 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. It is dedicated because it does only one type of job. 6. Embedded system means that the application and the processor are combined into a single sys- tem. 7. AVR, PIC, 8051, HCS08 SECTION 1.2: OVERVIEW OF THE AVR FAMILY 1. 64K of RAM space, 8M of on-chip ROM space, a large number of I/O pins, ADC, and differ- ent serial protocols such as SPI, USART, 12C, etc. 2. 8 3. Tiny, Mega, XMega, Classic, and special purpose 4. Tiny 5. (a) 2K bytes (b) 128 bytes 6. (a) 8K bytes (b) 32K bytes (c) 2K bytes