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A 4 % aqueous food solution is fed at a rate of 2 . 0 kg s 1 and a temperature of 7 0

A 4% aqueous food solution is fed at a rate of 2.0 kg s1 and a temperature of 70\deg C to a forward feed double-effect evaporator with equal surface areas. The solution is concentrated to 20% by mass. The second effect is maintained at a pressure of 20 kPa with a boiling point elevation of 8 K. Steam at 240 kPa is available. The heat transfer coefficients in the first and second effects are 2.20 and 1.50 kW m2 K1, respectively, and the heat capacity of each liquid stream may be assumed to be 4.18 kJ kg1 K1. Calculate the heat transfer surface area of each effect and the steam economy. Solve by hand please.

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