A 5 oz baseball is 3 ft above the ground when it is struck by a bat. The horizontal distance to the point where the ball strikes the ground is 180 ft. photographic studies indicate that the ball was moving approximately horizontally at 100 ft/s before it was struck, the duration of the impact was 0.015 s, and the ball was traveling above the horizontal after it was struck. What was the magnitude of the average impulsive force exerted on the ball by the bat?