A communication channel has a bit rate of 1 Mbps and a propagation delay of 50 msec. The packet processing time at each end of the communication channel is omitted. The frame size is 10,000 bytes. The header of the frame (no trailer) is 500 bytes. The acknowledge frame is 500 bytes.

Using a stop-and-wait ARQ:

(1) What is the total time to transfer a frame? What is the effective transmission rate, and what is the transmission efficiency? Suppose the channel is error-free. Show your answer step by step.

(2) If the probability of frame arriving with errors is 10%, what is the transmission efficiency?