A hypothetical: The case of Blackacre v$.$ Dredd has just gone to trial. During the trial Mr$.$ Blackacre presented overwhelming evidence that Mr$.$ Dredd committed grievous acts of violence against him. The jury deliberates and returns a verdict in favor of Dredd.

The judge in this case:

may enter a judgment notwithstanding the verdict because the evidence clearly did not support the jury's conclusion.

is bound by the constitution to respect a civil jury's verdict and must enter a judgment in favor of the defendant.

may appeal to a higher court to review the facts and find the jury's verdict as against the great weight of the evidence.

is duty bound under their oath to uphold justice and fairness, and therefore has no choice but to order a new trial.