a) If x is a real number and X is its chopped machine representation on a computer with base 10 and mantissa length m, show that the relative error, |x X|/|x|, is bounded by 10-"*1, ' b) If = 10-*1! (in the case of chopping) or 8 = 0.5 X 10*! (in the case of symmetric rounding), show that = x(1 + &) where || =