A local brewery wishes to ensure that an average of 12 ounces of beer is used to fill each bottle. In order to analyse the accuracy of the bottling process, the bottler takes a random sample of 48 bottles. The sample mean weight and the sample standard deviation of the bottles are 11.80 ounces and 0.8 ounce, respectively.

1. State the null and the alternative hypotheses for the test.
2. Do you need to make any assumption regarding the population for testing?
3. At = 0.05, specify the critical value(s). What is the decision rule?
4. Make a recommendation to the bottler.