a) on your sisters 10th birthday, your parents want to invest a certain amount to enable her to withdraw R25 000 every six months from her 18th to her 24th birthday (both birthdays included). Calculate the sum they will have to invest if compounded interest is estimated at 12% per annum, compounded biannually.

b) What is the present value of a perpetuity that pays R4 800 per year if the first payment does not begin until four years later and if 12% per annum is the relevant discount rate?

c) If you want to withdraw R1 000 annually for the next nine years, and R1 500 annually in the three years thereafter with all payments occurring at the end of each year, determine the amount you should initially invest to fund your withdrawals given a rate of return of 7% per annum. Round your answer to the nearest Rand