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A processor has separate instruction and data caches, each requiring two cycles for any operation. It includes a single 2-cycles execution unit responsible for executing
A processor has separate instruction and data caches, each requiring two cycles for any operation. It includes a single 2-cycles execution unit responsible for executing all ALU and LOAD instructions. As a result, the instruction pipeline has the following eight stages: IF1, IF2, ID, EX1, EX2, MEM1, MEM2, WB. In the absence of hazards the pipeline has a CPl of 1. The processor has no hardware support for dynamic scheduling. The instruction stream executed by the processor consists of 25% Load instructions and 40% ALU instructions. The frequencies of RAW data dependencies between these two instructions and the instructions following them are: Instruction i LOAD ALU RAW in instructioni+1 30% 20% RAW in instruction i + 2, but not in i + 1 12% 10% RAW in instruction i + 3, but neither in i+ 1 nor in i + 2 10% 5% RAW in instruction i +4, but not in an earlier one 5% 1% Calculate the contribution to the CPI of the processor due to RAW data hazards assuming that NO DATA FORWARDING IS SUPPORTED Note that the Register File can execute a write followed by a read in the same cycle. Contribution to CPI
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