A report finds that Massachusetts residents spend an average of $861.52 on the lottery each year, more than three times the U.S. average (www.247wallst.com, December 18, 2020). A researcher at a Boston think tank believes that Massachusetts residents spend less than this amount. He surveys 100 Massachusetts residents and asks them about their annual expenditures on the lottery.

Click here for the Excel Data File

a.Specify the competing hypotheses to test the researcher's claim.