A research group is interested in the relationship between fast food consumption in young adults and diabetes. In order to address this issue, they conducted an experiment using a random sample of U.S. consumers aged 18-30 and observed the following data (dont worry about the messy table): diabetes no diabetes total

7+ fast food meals per week 71 179 250

4-6 fast food meals per week 52 198 250

1-3 fast food meals per week 43 207 250

0 fast food meals per week 50 200 250

total 216 784 1000

From these data, they calculated a chi-square value of 8.257 (you do not need to calculate this yourself). Given this value of the test statistic, should the authors reject the null hypothesis with a desired type I error rate of 5%? [1]

2b) Place bounds (as tight as you can) on the associated P-value for x2=8.257. [1]

2c) In their paper, they stated, Diabetes is an epidemic in the United States. The evidence we have gathered proves that over-consumption of fast food causes diabetes in young adults. Explain two flaws with their concluding sentence. (Your answer should be two sentences.) [1]

2d) What is the technical name for the type of alternative hypothesis in the test described in part (a) above? [1]