A scoping review of the literature featuring research ethics and research integrity cases

There has been an increase in academic interest in research ethics $($RE$)$ and research integrity $($RI$)$ over the past decade.

This is due, among other reasons, to the changing research environment with new and complex technologies, increased

pressure to publish, greater competition in grant applications, increased university$-$industry collaborative programs, and

growth in international collaborations. In addition, part of the academic interest in RE and RI is due to highly publicized

cases of misconduct.

There is a growing body of published RE and RI cases, which may contribute to public attitudes regarding both science

and scientists. Different approaches have been used in order to analyze RE and RI cases. Studies focusing on ORI files

$($Office of Research Integrity$),$ retracted papers, quantitative surveys, data audits, and media coverage have been

conducted to understand the context, causes, and consequences of these cases.

Research ethics govern the standards of conduct for scientific researchers. In your role as a researcher, examine the

types of ethical issues to be aware of with related measures, include examples to expand on the explanations.